The Scottish Greens, which is coalition with the Scottish National Party, announced the move at their party conference in Dunfermline, seven miles from Rosyth port.
Lorna Slater, Scottish Greens co-leader, said: “We will work with our partners in local government to empower councils to charge visiting cruise ships a levy.
“It will mean communities hosting cruise ships get the investment they deserve, and our aim would also be to encourage greener ships. This is essential. Operators have been allowed to get away with polluting for too long.”
She added: “A cruise ship levy will empower councils to help tackle this global problem.”