The walkout by members of the Unite Union will begin on 31 March with the final day of strike action on Easter Sunday (9 April).
The strike involves security guards employed at Terminal Five, which is used exclusively by British Airways, and Campus security guards who are responsible for checking all cargo that enters the airport.
Unite general secretary Sharon Graham said: "Workers at Heathrow airport are on poverty wages while the chief executive and senior managers enjoy huge salaries.
"It is the airport’s workers who are fundamental to its success and they deserve a fair pay increase. Our members are simply unable to make ends meet due to the low wages paid by Heathrow."
The strike is a result of Heathrow only offering workers a 10% pay increase following years of pay freezes and pay cuts, the union said.
Workers have reported – due to a combination of low pay and the cost of living crisis – they are unable to make ends meet.
However, Heathrow reassured passengers contingency plans will be in place to keep the airport open and operational despite "unnecessary threats" of strike action by Unite.
"We have proposed an inflation beating 10% increase in pay which the public will recognise is fair and a majority of our colleagues have told Unite is not worth striking over," the airport said.
"We urge Unite to come back to the table to discuss implementing it. Threatening to ruin people’s hard-earned holidays with strike action will not improve the deal.
"We want to do the right thing by our people and our passengers, each day only delays this pay rise reaching Unite members’ pockets."
The demonstration is set to coincide with more than 1,000 Passport Office staff in England, Scotland and Wales walking out for five weeks from 3 April to 5 May.
