Transport secretary Chris Grayling has launched a call for evidence, which will explore how carbon emissions produced by transport could be offset.
The Department for Transport (DfT) is seeking feedback on proposals requiring companies selling travel tickets to offer additional carbon offsets at point of sale.
While the charges would be voluntary, the DfT has suggested they could be implemented on an opt-out rather than opt-in basis.
Ministers hope the proposals will raise awareness of the effect of transport on the environment, with the cash generated used to fund projects ranging from planting trees to installing solar panels.